Golang-http的简单使用

Golang

发布日期: 2020-12-01

文章字数: 439

阅读时长: 2 分

基本使用

发送HTTP请求

普通的请求

resp, err := http.Get("http://example.com/")
...
resp, err := http.Post("http://example.com/upload", "image/jpeg", &buf)
...
resp, err := http.PostForm("http://example.com/form",
    url.Values{"key": {"Value"}, "id": {"123"}})

拿到响应之后需要关闭Response.Body:

resp, err := http.Get("http://example.com/")
if err != nil {
    // handle error
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
// ...

自定义Header

client := &http.Client{
    CheckRedirect: redirectPolicyFunc,
}

req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "http://example.com", nil)
req.Header.Add("If-None-Match", `W/"wyzzy"`)
resp, err := client.Do(req)

连接控制,比如超时时间等

tr := &http.Transport{
    MaxIdleConns:       10,
    IdleConnTimeout:    30 * time.Second,
    DisableCompression: true,
}
client := &http.Client{Transport: tr}
resp, err := client.Get("https://example.com")

响应请求

简单响应

http.Handle("/foo", fooHandler)

http.HandleFunc("/bar", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    fmt.Fprintf(w, "Hello, %q", html.EscapeString(r.URL.Path))
})

log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil))

自定义控制响应

s := &http.Server{
    Addr:           ":8080",
    Handler:        myHandler,
    ReadTimeout:    10 * time.Second,
    WriteTimeout:   10 * time.Second,
    MaxHeaderBytes: 1 << 20,
}
log.Fatal(s.ListenAndServe())

一个简单的Demo

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
    "log"
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/", home)
    fmt.Println("url: http://localhost:8080 ")
    err := http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal("ListenAndServe", err)
    }
}

// 默认处理
func home(writer http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) {
    http.Get("https://api.github.com/users/jiangkang")
    client := &http.Client{}
    req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "https://api.github.com/users/jiangkang", nil)
    req.Header.Add("Accept", "application/vnd.github.v3+json")
    response, _ := client.Do(req)
    body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)
    writer.Write(body)
}

处理表单数据/Query数据

对于表单数据和Query中的参数,都可以使用request.ParseForm()进行解析.

func login(writer http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) {
    if request.Method == http.MethodGet {
        t,_ := template.ParseFiles("html/login.html")
        t.Execute(writer,nil)
    } else if request.Method == http.MethodPost {
        request.ParseForm()
        username := request.Form.Get("username")
        password := request.Form.Get("password")
        fmt.Fprintf(writer,"登陆成功：username: %s \n, password: %s",username,password)
    }
}